About Truncated Domes from Ada Sign Depot
What is the Purpose of Tactile Warnings?
Video Installation Instructions
for Truncated Domes from ADA Sign Depot
Below you'll find extensive information, specifications and mounting instructions for the various styles of truncated domes sold by ADA Sign Depot. Including Surface Applied (Retro-Fit) Truncated Domes for Dry Cement), both rigid paving tiles and flexible urethane pads; Replaceable Truncated Domes for Wet Cement; and ADA Ultra Composite Fiberglass Truncated Domes also for wet cement; and our new technology: Self-Adhesive Truncated Domes mats made of reinforced cement resins for the thinnest, least trip-hazard ADA mats that are flexible enough for application on irregular surfaces, and can also be cut in the field to fit radius corners or cover around objects, such as support columns and lampposts.
These files include manufacturer's specifications for dome size and dome spacing, dome alignment, materials used in manufacturing the different kinds of paving tiles, instructions for installing truncated domes both on dry and wet cement surfaces, as well as information on the ADA compliant and California Title 24 compliant features of these products.
Self-Adhesive Truncated Domes for Asphalt or Concrete Surfaces
Product Features of Access Tiles Truncated Domes Tiles for Concrete
Installation of Cast-in-Place Truncated Domes for Fresh Concrete Surfaces
Replaceable Cast-in-Place Truncated Domes Tiles for Concrete Surfaces
View, Download, or Print Information about
Truncated Domes Distributed by ADA Sign Depot
- ADA Rigid Surface Applied and Replaceable Cast-in-Place Truncated Domes Available Colors (gif)
- ADA Rigid Surface Applied Truncated Domes Features (pdf)
- ADA Rigid Surface Applied Truncated Domes Installation Instructions (pdf)
- Flexible Urethane ADA Pad Installation Instructions (pdf)
- ADA Truncated Domes Cast-In-Place Replaceable Available Colors (gif)
- ADA Truncated Domes Replaceable Cast-In-Place Features (pdf)
- ADA Truncated Domes Cast-In-Place Replaceable Feature (pdf)
- ADA Truncated Domes Cast In Place Installation Instructions (pdf)
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ADA Truncated Domes Cleaning and Maintenance Information (pdf)
Truncated Dome Colors available from ADA Sign Depot: Yellow conforming to Federal Color No. 33538. Color shall be homogeneous throughout the tile. Tiles are also available in Dark Grey (Federal Color No. 36118), Onyx Black (Federal Color No. 17038), Brick Red (Federal Color No. 22144), and Colonial Red (Federal Color No. 20109).
ADA, ADAAG, USDOT, FHWA, Caltrans Title 24 Compliant
Complies with Federal and State requirements:
- ADA Access Board
- ADAAG
- Caltrans compliant
- U. S. Dept. of Transportation
- Federal Highway Administration
Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) Our Replaceable Detectable/Tactile Warning Tiles comply with the detectable warnings on walking surfaces section of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) (Title III Regulations, 28 CFR Part 36 ADA STANDARDS FOR ACCESSIBLE DESIGN, Appendix A, Section 4.29.2 DETECTABLE WARNINGS ON WALKING SURFACES).
California Code of Regulations (CCR): We provide only approved DSAAC detectable warning products as provided in the California Code of Regulations (CCR) Title 24,Section 1112A.9 and 1127B.5 for ”Curb Ramps” and Section 1133B.8.5 for "Detectable Warnings at Hazardous Vehicular Areas”.
Engineered Polymer Composite Replaceable Cast in Place Detectable/Tactile Warning Tiles shall be manufactured from an ultra violet stabilized polymer composition with fiberglass reinforcement, the tile incorporates an in‐line pattern of truncated domes measuring nominal 0.2” height, 0.90” base diameter, and 0.45” top diameter, and spaced center‐to‐center 2.35” as measured side by side. For wheelchair safety the field area shall consist of a high density, diamond grip™ pyramid micro texture of raised points 0.05” high
Replaceable Cast in Place Detectable/Tactile Warning Tiles shall be warranted in writing for a period of five (5) years from date of final completion. The guarantee includes defective work, breakage, deformation, fading and loosening of tiles.
Truncated Domes from ADA Sign Depot:
Engineered for Performance. Designed for the Environment. These products have been designed and developed with the Earth in mind. The ingenuity of unique features and the power of its simple installation mean less harm to the environment.
- recyclable and replaceable material
- lighter weight tile construction reduces impact of shipping
- high efficiency manufacturing operation requires reduced energy consumption
- no concrete demolition necessary for replacements significantly reducing harmful emissions
- highest industry durability extends product life and reduces the number of future replacements As a member of the U.S Green Building Council, the manufacturer of these truncated domes takes responsibility for developing products that help our customers work towards LEEDS certification.
Intelligent Design Features
- Audible detectability technology engineered for sound amplification
- Engineered load transfer design with bosses located directly under domes transfer loads directly to substrate
- Beveled perimeter edge meets ADA vertical displacement requirements
- Strategically placed pre-formed fastener hole locations enhance installation integrity and provide easy installation
- Color-matched fastener hardware included with pads
- Tactile Bond&Seal adhesive included with pads. The system is designed and tested to be both a structural adhesive and perimeter edge sealant.
- Adhesive location identified on reverse side of tile for easy, error-free installation
- Interactive sizes – all tiles maintain pattern repeat when mounted side-to-side or top-to-bottom
ASTM & UL Testing
- Tensile Strength ASTM D 638
- Flexural Strength ASTM D 790
- Compressive Strength ASTM D 695
- Accelerated Weathering ASTM G 155
- Slip Resistance ASTM C 1028
- Flame Spread Index ASTM E 84
- Accelerated Aging (freeze thaw) D1037
- Linear Thermal Expansion ASTM D696-03
- Tile Bond Strength ASTM C1583
Physical Characteristics ASTM Tests and Results
ASTM D 695 Compressive Strength 26,900
ASTM D 790 Flexural Strength 31,300
ASTM D 570 Water Absorption 0.05%
ASTM C 1028 Slip Resistance 1.18 Dry / 0.88 Wet ASTM E 84 Flame Spread Index <= 25
ASTM B 117 Salt Spray No Change (300 hours)
ASTM 1308 Chemical Stain No Effect
ASTM C 501 Abrasion Resistance lw > 500
ASTM G 155 Accelerated Weathering Delta E <5 (2,000 hours)
ASTM D 638 Tensile Strength 12,800 psi
AASHTO-H20 Load Bearing at 10,400 lbs. No Cracking, Delamination or Deformation
ASTM C 1026 Freeze/Thaw/Heat No Chipping, Cracking, or Peeling
ASTM D 1037 Accelerated Aging (Freeze/Thaw) No Change in Color, Gloss, or Delamination
ASTM D 696-03 Linear Thermal Expansion 9.45×10-7 per ºFahrenheit
ASTM C 1583 Tile Bond Strength Passed
RCRA-C Non-Hazardous Classification Non-Hazardous
The ADA (Americans with Disabilities Act) and the ADAAG (Americans with Disabilities Act Accessibility Guidelines)
Among other things, the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) ensures access to the built environment for people with disabilities. The ADA Standards establish design requirements for the construction and alteration of facilities subject to the law. These enforceable standards apply to places of public accommodation, commercial facilities, and state and local government facilities.
The Access Board is responsible for developing and updating design guidelines known as the ADA Accessibility Guidelines (ADAAG). These guidelines are used by the Department of Justice (DOJ) and the Department of Transportation (DOT) in setting enforceable standards that the public must follow. Both DOJ's and DOT's current ADA Standards are based on the Board's updated ADAAG (2004). As a result, for the most part, these two sets of standards are very similar. However, each contains additional requirements that are specific to the facilities covered by the respective agencies. These additional requirements define the types of facilities covered, set effective dates, and provide additional scoping or technical requirements for those facilities. DOJ’s ADA Standards apply to all facilities except public transportation facilities, which are subject to DOT’s ADA Standards. The edition of the ADA Standards provided here on the Board's website notes DOJ's and DOT's additional provisions.
Title 24, California Code of Regulations: Truncated Domes
California accessibility code: The 1999 edition requires detectable warnings on curb-ramps having a slope less than 1:15, at hazardous vehicular ways, and on all transit boarding platforms. The specifications for the detectable warning are similar to those in ADAAG 4.29.2, but a little more specific. Detectable warnings at most curb-ramps, at hazardous vehicular ways, and on transit platforms require a more precisely specified surface texture: the dome diameter shall be .9 in, measured at the bottom of the dome, tapering to .45 in at the top. Detectable warnings on curb-ramps for privately funded housing, at hazardous vehicular ways, and on transit platforms shall be safety yellow (Federal color 33538).
Since 1994, California Title 24 has required detectable warnings on the full surface of curb-ramps having slopes less than 1:15. The detectable warning on transit platforms must be safety yellow (Federal Color No. 33538).
The California specifications for the detectable warning texture for curb-ramps and transit platforms are more precise than those in ADAAG, specifying that the 0.9 in dome diameter is to be measured at the base of the dome, and the top diameter is to be 0.45 in. The 2.35 in dome spacing is to be measured on the diagonal of a square pattern of domes.
California has also required a 1/2 in beveled lip at the lower end of each curb ramp since 1982. The requirement for the 1/2 in beveled lip was the result of extensive consultation involving both pedestrians who are blind and people who use wheelchairs as a mobility aid. The 1/2 in beveled lip was to indicate to pedestrians who are blind the location of the bottom of the ramp, and the lip was not considered to make curb ramps inaccessible to people who use wheelchairs.
California Title 24 also requires a grooved border 12 in wide at the level surface of the sidewalk along the top and each side. The grooves are approximately 3/4 in on center.
California Title 24 requires that “If a walk crosses or adjoins a vehicular way, and the walking surfaces are not separated by curbs, railings or other elements between the pedestrian areas and vehicular areas, the boundary between the areas shall be defined by a continuous detectable warning which is 36 inches (914 mm) wide….” It must be safety yellow.
Truncated Domes: The Reasons and The Rules
Detectable warnings are an Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) requirement in the current Americans with Disabilities Act Accessibility Guidelines (ADAAG) for the use of detecting the boundary between the sidewalk and the street. Detectable warnings have been required for the edges of rail platforms in the United States since 1991. Detectable warnings for pedestrian curb cuts were suspended for study in 1994, and became officially required in 2001. Truncated domes are the only detectable warnings allowed by ADAAG. Grooves, exposed aggregate, and other designs intended for use as detectable warning are too similar to pavement textures, cracks and joints and are not considered equivalent facilitation. Truncated domes are a unique design and have proven to be the most detectable surface.
One of the issues that has arisen with detectable warning tiles is the truncated dome spacing. Tactile warning systems have been required in the United States ever since the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) became law. Tactile warnings are required in locations such as pedestrian curb cuts and train or bus platforms. Truncated domes provide a tactile clue to blind or visually impaired individuals that they are about enter into an area shared with vehicular traffic. The tactile warnings consist of domes with flat heads (hence the term 'truncated').
Access Board 4.29.2 - Detectable Warnings on Walking Surfaces Detectable warnings shall consist of raised truncated domes with a diameter of nominal 0.9 in (23 mm), a height of nominal 0.2 in (5 mm) and a center-to-center spacing of nominal 2.35 in (60 mm) and shall contrast visually with adjoining surfaces, either light-on-dark, or dark-on-light.
Access Board 4.29.5 - Detectable Warnings at Hazardous Vehicular Areas If a walk crosses or adjoins a vehicular way, and the walking surfaces are not separated by curbs, railings, or other elements between the pedestrian areas and vehicular areas, the boundary between the areas shall be defined by a continuous detectable warning which is 36 in (915 mm) wide, complying with 4.29.2.
Division of State Architect (DSA) ─ 2011 California Access Compliance Manual: Detectable warnings. Curb ramps shall have a detectable warning that extends the full width and depth of the curb ramp, excluding the flared sides, inside the grooved border. Detectable warnings shall be slip-resistant and consist of raised truncated domes. The detectable warning shall contrast visually with adjoining surfaces, either light-on-dark or dark-on-light. The material used to provide contrast shall be an integral part of the walking surface. The domes may be constructed in a variety of methods, including cast in place or stamped, or may be part of a prefabricated surface treatment.
A Brief Introduction to Detectable Warnings and ADAAG Requirements
A Detectable Warning Surface is defined by ADAAG as “a standardized surface feature built in or applied to walking surfaces or other elements to warn visually impaired people of hazards on a circulation path”. Detectable Warnings incorporating truncated domes are the best indicator to alert pedestrians there is a hazard approaching in their way of travel. Due to their distinctive design, truncated domes can be identified under foot and by sound on cane contact. Color contrast is another beneficial aspect of the truncated dome, making the tile visually detectable from the surrounding surface.
The requirements outlined in ADAAG regarding Detectable Warnings to be used at hazardous vehicular ways, curb ramps and transit platform edges were enacted in 1991. Soon after in 1994, the requirements under the curb ramp section 4.7.7 and hazardous vehicular areas section 4.29.5 were suspended. The purpose of the suspension was to allow further research on the performance and detectability of various detectable warning surfaces. The suspension excluded Detectable Warnings on Transit Platform Edges.
On July 26, 2001, the Department of Justice allowed the suspension to expire. As of this date Detectable Warning Surfaces were once again a requirement on curb ramps and at hazardous vehicular ways by ADAAG. Ten years of extensive research would attest that using surfaces such as grooves, striations and exposed aggregate would not meet ADA standards because they were too similar to the surrounding surface to be properly detected. Therefore, Detectable Warnings incorporating truncated domes are the only option to make hazardous vehicular ways, curb ramps and transit platform edges truly detectable and ADA compliant.
Technical Requirements : Truncated Domes
4.7.7 Curb Ramps:
Do curb ramps on a site have a detectable warning complying with 4.29.2 (see below) extending the full width and depth of the curb ramp? (Detectable warnings are not required on the flared sides.)
4.29.5 Hazardous Vehicular Way:
If a walk crosses or adjoins a vehicular way and the walking surfaces are not separated by curbs, railings, or other elements between the pedestrian areas and vehicular areas, is the boundary between the areas defined by a continuous detectable warning complying with 4.29.2 which is 36 inches wide on the edge of the pedestrian area?
4.29.6 Reflecting Pools:
Are the edges of reflecting pools protected by railings, walls, curbs, or detectable warnings complying with 4.29.2?
4.29.2 Detectable Warnings - Pattern:
Do detectable warnings consist of raised truncated domes with a nominal diameter of 0.9 inches, a nominal height of 0.2 inches, and a nominal center-to-center spacing of 2.35 inches?
Contrast:
Do detectable warnings contrast visually with adjoining surfaces (light-on-dark or dark-on-light)? Is the material used to provide contrast an integral part of the walking surface?
Interior Resilience and Sound:
Do the detectable warnings used on interior surfaces differ from adjoining walking surfaces in resiliency or sound on cane contact?
California Building Code, Appendix C
1127B.5 Curb ramps.
7. Detectable warnings. Curb ramps shall have a detectable warning that extends the full width and depth of the curb ramp, excluding the flared sides, inside the grooved border. Detectable warnings shall consist of raised truncated domes with a diameter of nominal 0.9 inch (22.9 mm) at the base tapering to 0.45 inch (11.4 mm) at the top, a height of nominal 0.2 inch (5.08 mm) and a center-to-center spacing of nominal 2.35 inches (59.7 mm) in compliance with Figure 11B-23A. “Nominal” here shall be in accordance with Section 12-11A and B-102, State Referenced Standards Code. The detectable warning shall contrast visually with adjoining surfaces, either light-on-dark or dark-on-light. The material used to provide contrast shall be an integral part of the walking surface. The domes may be constructed in a variety of methods, including cast in place or stamped, or may be part of a prefabricated surface treatment. Only approved DSA-AC detectable warning products and directional surfaces shall be installed as provided in the California Code of Regulations (CCR), Title 24, Part 1, Articles 2, 3 and 4. Refer to CCR Title 24, Part 12, Chapter 12-11A and B, for building and facility access specifications for product approval for detectable warning products and directional surfaces. Detectable warning products and directional surfaces installed after January 1, 2001, shall be evaluated by an independent entity, selected by the Department of General Services, Division of the State Architect-Access Compliance for all occupancies, including transportation and other outdoor environments, except that when products and surfaces are for use in residential housing evaluation shall be in consultation with the Department of Housing and Community Development. See Government Code Section 4460.
California Building Code, Appendix C
1133B.8.5 Detectable warnings at hazardous vehicular areas. If a walk crosses or adjoins a vehicular way, and the walking surfaces are not separated by curbs, railings or other elements between the pedestrian areas and vehicular areas, the boundary between the areas shall be defined by a continuous detectable warning which is 36 inches (914 mm) wide, complying with Section 1121B.3.1 Item 8(a). Only approved DSA-AC detectable warning products and directional surfaces shall be installed as provided in the California Code of Regulations (CCR), Title 24, Part 1, Articles 2, 3 and 4. Refer to CCR Title 24, Part 12, Chapter 12-11A and B, for building and facility access specifications for product approval for detectable warning products and directional surfaces. Detectable warning products and directional surfaces installed after January 1, 2001, shall be evaluated by an independent entity, selected by the Department of General Services, Division of the State Architect-Access Compliance, for all occupancies, including transportation and other outdoor environments, except that when products and surfaces are for use in residential housing evaluation shall be in consultation with the Department of Housing and Community Development. See Government Code Section 4460.